Command and Control in the Peruvian Army: Methods, Analysis and the Innovative Method Awqa Humalliq

Abstract

The concept of command and control in the Armed Forces (Armed Forces) is widely used, although not necessarily known by all. It implies the exercise of authority and direction by a military leader over his subordinates. In addition, within this sphere, there are different command and control methods, such as Mission Type Command and Detailed Control. These have their roots in the Prussian concepts known as Auftragstaktik and Befehlstaktik, respectively. In this sense, Mission Type Command is characterized by granting autonomy to subordinates to make decisions in the field, based on general objectives and the commander's intent. On the other hand, Detailed Control entails close supervision and the issuance of precise orders for task execution. The most widely accepted method is Mission Type Command, which was adopted by both the United States Army (US) and the Peruvian Army (PE). However, a careful analysis allows identifying advantages and disadvantages of each method, which depend on several factors. Finally, the innovative method of command and control Awqa Humalliq, which means Warrior Leader, is proposed. It is intended to highlight the importance of the EP to develop its own doctrine, considering the particularities and unique characteristics of the Peruvian soldier.