Transnational Consequences of the Colombia - FARC Peace Process

Abstract

The Colombian government and the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) signed a peace agreement in 2016, triggering collateral effects that impacted part of the continent. Specifically, groups that did not participate in the negotiation continued with criminal actions. This situation especially affected neighboring countries and led to a transfer of crime from one territory to another, even establishing alliances with criminal gangs from bordering states. As a result, criminality that was once local became transnational, as the National Liberation Army (ELN), FARC groups and the Gulf Clan migrated to neighboring countries, especially Ecuador. The consequences of this criminal relocation have been reflected in violence that has disrupted governance in the neighboring country.